Keratoconus
What is keratoconus?
What are main features seen?
What are the treatments available?
Keratoconus is an eye disorder that causes the cornea, which is normally round and dome-shaped, to progressively thin and become cone-shaped. This structural change leads to distorted and blurred vision. The exact cause of keratoconus is not fully understood.
Here are some key characteristics and features of keratoconus:
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Corneal Thinning: In keratoconus, the cornea gradually thins and bulges outward in a cone shape. This distortion alters the way light enters the eye, resulting in blurred and distorted vision.
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Symptoms: In addition to blurry or distorted vision, there may be increased sensitivity to light (photophobia), glare or halos around lights, and frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescriptions. As the condition progresses, it can lead to significant visual impairment.
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Onset and Progression: Keratoconus usually begins during adolescence or early adulthood. It tends to progress slowly over a number of years. In some cases, however, the progression can be more rapid.
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Risk Factors: While the exact cause is unknown, certain factors may increase the risk of developing keratoconus, including genetics (family history), frequent eye rubbing, certain ocular conditions like allergies, and conditions such as Down syndrome.
Treatment options for keratoconus depend on the severity of the condition. In the early stages, eyeglasses or soft contact lenses may provide adequate vision correction. As the condition progresses, specially designed contact lenses, known as rigid gas permeable (RGP) lenses or scleral lenses, may be used to provide better vision by reshaping the cornea's surface.
For cases that do not respond well to contact lenses or in cases of significant progression, various surgical options may be considered. These include corneal cross-linking (a procedure that strengthens the corneal tissue), intacs (small plastic rings implanted in the cornea to reshape it), and, in severe cases, corneal transplantation.
Mr Panthagani will discuss with you which procedure is most suitable for you.